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青语新说丨“今日青年”思政理论研习社中英双语诵读《中国关键词》 第一期(第三辑)

发布日期:2024-12-24   来源:   点击量:

迈向“两个一百年”奋斗目标,我们正处在关键的历史节点。在“中国经济新常态”下,我们坚持稳中求进,推动高质量发展。面对复杂多变的国际形势,我们坚信“四个没有变”:中国经济持续向好的基本面没有变,经济结构优化升级的大趋势没有变,中国经济韧性强、潜力足、回旋余地大的基本特征没有变,以及中国经济长期向好的态势没有变。“改革开放”是发展的强大动力,我们将继续深化改革,扩大开放,激发市场活力,为实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦注入不竭动力。“两个一百年 ”“中国经济新常态” “四个没有变” “改革开放”

“两个一百年”奋斗目标

中共十八大描绘了全面建成小康社会,加快推进社会主义现代化的宏伟蓝图,发出了向“两个一百年”奋斗目标前进的时代号召。该奋斗目标是,到2021年中国共产党成立一百年时全面建成小康社会,国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比2010年翻一番;到2049年中华人民共和国成立一百年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家,达到中等发达国家水平。“个两一百年”奋斗目标,将中国梦的宏伟蓝图和光明前景具体化。实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标是实现中国梦的基础。

The Two Centennial Goals

At its National Congress the CPC presented a roadmap and issued a call for achieving the Two Centennial Goals: successfully completing the process of building a moderately well-off society; and accelerating socialist modernization. Specifically, this means doubling China’s 2010 GDP and per capita income for both urban and rural residents by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021, and building China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious and reaches the level of moderately developed countries by the time the People’s Republic of China celebrates its centenary in 2049. The Two Centennial Goals embody the grand vision and ambitious ideals the Chinese Dream represents, and achieving these goals will provide the basis for making the Chinese Dream a reality.

中国经济新常态

中国经济新常态的三个主要特点:一是从高速增长转为中高速增长。二是经济结构不断优化升级,城乡区域差距逐步缩小,居民收入占比上升,发展成果惠及更广大民众。三是从要素驱动,投资驱动转向创新驱动。

新常态给中国带来的影响主要包括:经济增长虽然放缓,实际增量依然可观;经济增长更趋平稳,增长动元更为多元;经济结构优化升级,发展前景更加稳定;中国政府大力简政放权,市场活力进一步释放。

The New Normal of China’s Economy

The new normal of China’s economy is characterized by : (a) a shift from high growth rates to medium-high growth rates; (b) an on-going process of optimizing and upgrading the economic structure, and narrowing the urban-rural gap, with higher personal income as a share of GDP, and an increasing number of people benefiting from economic development; and (c) a transition from growth driven by factors and investment to one driven by innovation.

This new normal would likely lead to, among others, a sizable increase in real output despite slower growth; more stable growth with a more diversified array of growth drivers; an increasingly optimized and upgraded economic structure, and more predictable development prospects; and a further revitalized market as result of the on-going move to streamline government and delegate authorities.

“四个没有变”

2015年7月17日,习近平在吉林长春召开座谈会时,就中国经济形势做出了“四个没有变”的归纳。此后的11月18日,他在出席亚太经合组织工商领导人峰会时,再次强调了“四个没有变”,即:中国经济发展长期向好的基本面没有变,经济持续增长的良好支撑基础和条件没有变,经济结构调整优化的前进态势没有变。“四个没有变”的判断,揭示了中国经济发展的基本态势和未来趋势,表面中国人有信心,有能力保持经济中高速增长,赢得了国内外的普遍认可。

The Four Features of China’s Economic Conditions That Remain Unchanged

During a symposium in Jilin Province on July 17, 2015, Xi Jinping pointed out that four features of China's economic conditions remain unchanged. On November 18 of the same year, at the APEC CEO Summit, he once again spoke on this topic. These features are:

• China's positive economic fundamentals and long-term trajectory;

•the basic characteristics of strong resilience, great potential, and ample room for maneuver; strong support and conditions favorable for continued growth;

• positive progress in structural adjustment and upgrading of the economy.

This assessment confirms the current basic conditions and future trends of economic growth in China, and shows its confidence in maintaining a medium-high rate of growth and its ability to do so.

改革开放

改革开放是中国共产党历史上的一次的觉醒,是决定当代中国命运的关键举措,也是没了现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族街入复兴的关键举措。改革开放永无止境,只有龄时,没有完成时。

1978年12月,中国共产党召开了具有重历史意义的十一届三中全会,开启了对内改革,对外开放的历史新时期。其目的就是要解放和发展生产力,实现国家现代化,让中国人民富裕起来。中国改革开放最主要的成果是开创和发展了中国特色社会主义,中国的面貌、中国与世界的关系都发生了深刻的变化。中国实现了从高度集中的计划经济体制到充满活力的社会主义市场经济体制、从封闭半封闭到全方位开放的伟大历史转折。中国经济持续30年保持10%以上的增长速度,经济总量已经位居世界第二。中国解决了13亿人的温饱问题,为世界贫困人口减少的贡献超过70%。截止到2015年,中国城镇居民人均可支配收入由343元增长到31195多元;农民人均纯收入由133元增长到11422元,人民生活总体上达到小康水平。中国主动适应并积极参与世界格局变革调整进程,以负责任大国形象展现在世人面前。2015年,根据国际货币基金组织公布的数据,中国经济对全球经济增长的贡献率超过25%。中国依靠自己的力量实现了经济社会持型,没有发生对外战争、海外殖民和大规模的社会动荡,政治体制保持稳定,法治化程度不断是升,社会生活的自由度不断扩大,民众对政府的信任度接近90%。

Reform and Opening Up

The process of reform and opening up was propelled by a new awakening of the CPC. It has been key to making China what it is today, and will be essential to realizing the Two Centennial Goals and national renewal. It is an on-going process with no end point.

The process that ushered in a new historical period was initiated in 1978 when the 11th CPCCentral Committee held its third plenary session.

Aimed at dismantling the economic straitjacket and unlocking the growth potential, the reform program put China on the path to modernization and prosperity.

In addition to the emergence and development of the concept of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the achievements of China's reform and opening up are most convincingly demonstrated by the profound changes it has brought to China and to its relations with the rest of the world.

China has made the historic shift from a centrally planned economy to a dynamic socialist market economy and from a closed or semi-closed society to an open one. With an annual growth rate of more than 10 percent for 30 years running, China has become the second largest economy in the world. The challenge to provide its 1.3 billion people with adequate food and everyday essentials has been successfully addressed, contributing to a 70 percent reduction in the number of people living in poverty worldwide. With the per capita disposable income of China's urban residents increasing from RMB 343 to over RMB 31,195, and the per capita net income of its farmers rising from RMB 133 to more than RMB 11,422, the goal of building a moderately well-off society has been largely achieved.

China is also adapting to an evolving world landscape, and actively participates in global affairs as a responsible member of the international community. It now accounts for nearly 25 percent of world economic growth. It has brought about economic and social transformation without getting involved in wars on foreign lands, pursuing overseas colonization, or causing widespread social unrest. It has enjoyed political stability, strengthened rule of law, and expanded individual freedom. The public's trust in government is near 90 percent.

在历史的长河中,中国的发展始终是一幅波澜壮阔的画卷。从“两个一百年”的奋斗目标,到中国经济新常态的稳健前行,再到“四个没有变”的坚定承诺,以及改革开放的持续深化,每一步都镌刻着中国人民的智慧与勇气。站在新的历史起点上,我们有理由相信,中国的发展将更加稳健、更加开放、更加包容。让我们携手同行,共同迎接更加美好的未来。

(审核:刘一静)